Published Reference Books:

Allen, Thomas F. (ed.), 19th Century Celeveland, Ohio Postal Markings, 1991

Harlow, Alvin, Old Way Bills, 1934

Karlen, Harvey M., Chicago Postal History, 1971

John, Richard R. Jr., Spreading the News, 1995

Kielbowicz, Richard B., News in the Mail, 1989

Lyons, Larry, The Identifier for Carriers, Locals, Fakes, Forgeries and Bogus Posts, 3 Vol., 1998

Nathan, M. C., Franks of Western Expresses, 1973

Nathan, M. C. and Boggs, W. S., The Pony Express, 1962

Patton, Donald S., The Private Local Posts of the United States, 1967

Perry, Elliott (ed.), Byways of Philately: Privately Owned Posts and Early Locals, 1966

Perry, Elliott, Pat Paragraphs, Reprint, 1981

Perry, Elliott and Arthur G. Hall, 100 Years Ago, 1942

Perry, Elliott, The Chatham Square Post Office, 1941

Sloane, George B., Sloane's Column, 1961

Journals and Serialized Articles (general citations by publication and author):

The Penny Post, The Carriers and Locals Society, January 1991 thru April 1998 (last publication date)

• Blood, W. Otis, Sr., "Recollections of Blood's Despatch Post..."

• Bowman, John D. and LeBel, Lawrence, various articles on Boyd's

• Gronowski, Stephen, articles on Hopedale Penny Post, Hoyt's, Ricketts &Hall, Roche's

• Hahn, Calvet M., comprehensive three-part series, "Beginning of Adhesive Postage in the U.S." and article on Northern Liberties News Room

• Halstead, John P., "Jenkins' Camden Dispatch 1853-1861"

• Johnstone, Donald B., various articles on carriers

• Lyons, Larry, various articles on forgeries

• Meyersburg, Robert B., various articles on carriers

• Roth, Steven M., comprehensive studies of Philadelphia, including extensive census information

• Schwartz, Richard, various articles on independent mails and local posts

• Stimmell, Gordon, various articles on independent mails and local posts

• Trenchard, Herbert A., history of carriers and locals sold at auction, biographical information on forgers

• Trepel, Scott R., series on the City Despatch Post (Kapiloff Collection)

• Ullom, William, "Friends' Boarding School, Barnesville, Ohio, 1876-1884"

The Chronicle of U.S. Classic Postal Issues, U.S. Philatelic Classics Society

• Hahn, Calvet M., various articles including "Letter Carrier Service in New York" and "John Bouton's Posts"

• Harvey, Edward T., "Blood's Despatch"

• Johnstone, Donald B., series on Franklin and Eagle Carriers

• Lowe, Robson, overview of Chicago local posts

• Meyersburg, Robert B. (ed.), series on carriers based on Elliott Perry's unpublished manuscript,and series on 1847 Carrier/Local combination covers

• Roth, Steven M., "The War Against the Private Expresses:An Examination of the Post Office'sMonopoly Power" and "Census, With Occassional Commentary: Covers Carried by Private Mail Posts in Baltimore, Maryland"

• Stimmell, Gordon, "Long Day's Journey into Locals"

• Trenchard, Herbert A., "Collecting Carriers and Locals in the 1860's..."

• Trepel, Scott R., "Moody's 'Henny' Dispatch Error"

The Collector's Club Philatelist, The Collector's Club of New York

• Abt, Henry E., comprehensive series on Boyd's and "The New York Penny Post"

• Boker, John R., article on Hale &Co.

• Hahn, Calvet M., major articles on Adams &Co., Brainard, Child &Co., T. Walters, and Manhattan    Express

• Kelly, Denwood N., comprehensive 10-part series on Baltimore carriers and locals

• Lowe, Robson, "Blood's PennyPost"

• Mazza, Thomas C., "Cummings' City Post Redux"

• Petrie, Pitt, "Buffalo N.Y. Local Posts"

The American Philatelist, The American Philatelic Society

• Abt, Henry E., comprehensive series on Chicago local posts

The Essay-Proof Journal, Essay-Proof Society

• Chase, Carroll, "Remarks on the Die and Plate Proofs of the Franklin Carrier Stamp"

The London Philatelist, The Royal Philatelic Society

• Boker, John R. Jr., presentation before a meeting of The Royal Philatelic Society

• Lowe, Robson, "The Independent Mail Carriers"

Proceedings of the Staten Island Institute of Arts and Sciences

• Burgher, Elliott R., "The Staten Island Express Post", Jan. 1949

The Stamp Specialist, H. L. Lindquist

• Wiltsee, Ernest A., "The City Delivery Letter Expresses of San Francisco", Book 13

Unpublished Sources:

Abt, Henry E., notes and files on Boyd's, Hussey's and Chicago local posts

Costales, Eugene N., notes and files containing correspondence and photographic records

Kelly, Denwood N., ntes and files on Baltimore carriers and locals

Sloane, George B., notes compiled on all areas of carriers and locals

Major Auction Sales (by collector):

• Anonymous, Corinphila, 91st Auction, Mar. 2-9, 1995

• Anonymous, John A. Fox, Jul. 16-17, 1968

• Anonymous, Richard C. Frajola, Sep. 14, 1986

• Anonymous, H. R. Harmer, July 22, 1976

• Anonymous, Irwin Heiman, Feb. 24, 1965

• Anonymous, Robert G. Kaufmann, May 13, 1989

• Anonymous, Robert A. Siegel Auction Galleries, Sale 310, Jan. 11-12, 1967

• Anonymous, Robert A. Siegel Auction Galleries, Sale 587, Oct. 6, 1981

• Anonymous, Robert A. Siegel Auction Galleries, Sale 773, Mar. 26, 1996

• Anonymous, Sotheby Parke Bernet, Oct. 30, 1979

• Anonymous, Richard Wolffers Auctions, Apr. 29-30, 1992

• Arnold, Sandy (Part 1), Richard C. Frajola, Jan. 13, 1989

• Boker, John R. Jr. (portions dispersed thru various auctions):

• Edgar Mohrmann, Sale 140, Oct. 16-17, 1973

• Edgar Mohrmann, Sale 142, Oct. 22-24, 1974

• Robson Lowe, "Flintstone"Collection, Oct. 26, 1973

• Brown, Stephen D., Harmer, Rooke & Co., Oct. 30-Nov. 4, 1939

• Burrus, Maurice, Harmer, Rooke &Co., May 15-17, 1963

• Caspary, Alfred H. (Part 8), H. R. Harmer, Mar. 18-21, 1957

• Cole, Ezra (Estate), Robert A. Siegel Auction Galleries, Sale 747, Feb. 17-19, 1993

• Dos Passos, Cyril, Louis K. Robbins, 

• Ferrary, P. de la Renotiere, M. Gilbert, series of sales, 1921-25

• German Sale, J.M. Bartels, Nov. 3-5, 1921

• Hall, Lewis H., Harmer, Rooke & Co., Feb. 26-28, 1952

• Hennan, Clarence, Christie's/Robson Lowe, Mar. 15, 1988

• Hessel, Sidney A., H. R. Harmer , Oct. 21-23, 1975

• Hind, Arthur, Phillips-Kennett, Nov. 20-24, 1933

• Hollowbush, Frank A., John A. Fox, three sales, 1966

• Jarrett, David L., Christie's/Robson Lowe, Oct. 9-10, 1990

• Kapiloff, Leonard, City Despatch Post Collection, Robert A. Siegel Auction Galleries, 1992 and 1995 Rarities of the World sales (highlights)

• Knapp, Edward S., Philatelic Research Laboratories and Parke-Bernet Galleries, May 5-10, 1941

• Lichtenstein, Alfred F., Eugene N. Costales, Apr. 26-27, 1950

• Lichtenstein (Dale-Lichtenstein), Sale 23, H. R. Harmer, Sep. 25, 1997

• Lilly, Josiah K. (Part 5), Robert A. Siegel Auction Galleries, Sep. 13-14, 1967

• Lowe, Robson (personal collection), "USA I", Robson Lowe, Mar. 1-2, 1973

• Lowe, Robson (et al), "Americana", Robson Lowe, Oct. 8, 1974

• Malcolm, Donald, Robert A. Siegel Auction Galleries, Sale 417, Sep. 26-28, 1972

• Mason, Laurence B. (portion of the collection), Robert Laurence, Sale 51, Nov. 15, 1940

• Meroni, Charles F., John A. Fox, Apr. 8, 1958

• Meyersburg, Robert B., Robert A. Siegel Auction Galleries, Sale 791, Sep. 26-28, 1972

• Middendorf, Ambassador J. William II, Richard C. Frajola, Private Treaty Catalogue, June 1990, unsolds in Ivy, Shreve & Mader auctions and Christie's/Robson Lowe, Sep. 25, 1991 (anonymous)

• Needham, Henry C., (portions of the collection sold privately): Harmer, Rooke & Co., March 6-7, 1951

• Patton, Donald S. (et al), "USA I", Robson Lowe, Mar. 15, 1972

• Richardson, Hugh Tim, Robert A. Siegel Auction Galleries, Sale 627, Dec. 13-16, 1983

• Sheriff, Leonard (Part 2), Robert A. Siegel Auction Galleries, Jun. 18, 1986

• Sloane, George B. John A. Fox, 1959 sales

• Souren (Part 2), H.R. Harmer, Oct. 29-31, 1951

• Ward, Philip H. (personal collection, mainly Philadelphia), Robert A. Siegel Auction Galleries, 

•    Sale 285, Mar. 31-Apr. 1, 1965, and Sale 294, Jan. 6-7, 1966

• Wiltsee, Ernest A., Harmer, Rooke &Co., Nov. 19-20, 1946

• Worthington, George, J. C. Morganthau & Co., Sale 133, Oct. 24-30, 1917

Internet Sources:

Gendex (geneological index)

Genealogy

The Library Company of Philadephia

Pennsylvania History

University of Virginia

Virginia Historical Society

H. Weiner's Perpetual Calendar

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